CONTENTS
1. Introduction...8
2. Informal Economy: Concept and Trends...12
A. The Concept of Informal Economy...12
B. Trends of the Informal Economy Worldwide...15
3. The Rise of the Informal Economy in North Korea...18
A. Development of Markets...18
B. The Rise of the Private Sector...20
4. Driving Forces of the Informal Economy in North Korea...26
A. Service-Led Growth...26
B. Emerging Entrepreneurship...31
5. Some Sector Studies...38
A. Informal Food Sector...38
B. Foreign Trade and Informal Economy...42
C. Development in Transportation and Communications and the Informal Economy...46
6. Conclusion...54